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Angkor Wat is located in Cambodia, Siem Reap. It is a giant temple-city built by King II. Suryavarman. It is one of the most important examples of Khmer architecture and has been identified with Cambodia; It is also depicted on the national flag of the country.
Angkor Wat, the capital of the Khmer Kingdom and the symbol of its power, was converted into a Buddhist temple in the 13th century while it was a Hindu temple in the name of Vishnu. After the capital of the Khmer Kingdom in the 14th century moved to Phnom Penh, it remained abandoned and surrounded by the forest and was rediscovered in 1858 by the French naturalist Henri Mouhot. Gathered soils and weeds were cleared in the 20th century. The building has survived under very good protection until today and it was included in the World Cultural Heritage List in 1992 along with the ancient city of Angkor Thom in the north. It is the most visited place by tourists coming to the country.
Angkor Wat is a temple known for its mysteries. Some of these mysteries include the fact that Angkor Wat is facing west, all the temples in Cambodia face east, not know who the depictions of the faces belong to, the goddesses in the reliefs are not known, the statue of Buddha, whose identity is not known by whom it is brought in the temple.
The city of Angkor had been the capital of the Khmer Kingdom in 890. It was the largest city in the world until the Industrial Revolution. King Suryavarman II, who ascended to the throne in 1113, unlike other Khmer kings for an unknown reason, he placed Vishnu, not Shiva, in the center of his religious life.
It is one of the most striking engineering projects ever realized not only in size, but also in terms of building on water. Angkor Wat also carries the traces of the chipped stone workmanship and construction art of the Khmer people who have established a large water distribution network with proper urban planning plans.
History of Angkor Wat
According to the legend, Cambodia; the ruler of the seas is made up of the daughter of the great dragon Naga and the Brahman Indian youth Kaudinya. While Kaudinya walks with her boat one day, she sees the princess and falls in love. The father of the princess, Naga, who is the ruler of the seas, gives her daughter a gift of marriage, she draws all the waters of the region under her sovereignty and gives these lands, and thus the Kingdom of Kambuja is established.
ngkor Wat was built in the name of the Hindu god Vishnu (Vishnu) by the Khmer kings Suryavarman II (1113-1150), who ruled a magnificent wealth in the twelfth century. In the thirteenth century, the pressure and attacks from neighboring Thailand increased, and the kingdom, which could not bear any more, moved from its capital, Angkor, to its capital, Phnom Penh, in the fourteenth century.
These ancient temples, which have been abandoned for four centuries and remain surrounded by the forest, are rediscovered by the French naturalist Henri Mouhot in 1858.
Architecture of Angkor Wat
Angkor Wat consists of a main building and different galleries surrounding it. It carries the traces of the chipped stone work and construction industry of the Khmer people, who have established a large water distribution network with proper urban planning plans. These artistic and culturally valuable temple arches, towers reminiscent of lotus flowers, semi-mezzanine floors built to support the passageways, connected protrusions, cross-shaped terraces and deep ditches against damages from the forest near the temple. Unlike other Chimerian temples, Angkor Wat was built towards the west. Normally the chimpan temples face the right direction. From the 12nd century on, Khmer architects gained enough talent to use sandstone instead of bricks. Because the main building material of the building is sandstone. In addition, stones made of red clay were used on the outer walls of the building. Angkor Wat is the most important example of classical Chimera architecture. So much so that even an architectural style called Angkor Wat style has been formed.
It is famous for its sculptures with stone sculptures on all surfaces of the temple, roofs, moldings and columns. There are thousands of reliefs with scenes from Indian mythology, animal and human figures, abstract motifs, usually consisting of half-relief friezes.
Angkor Wat consists of a main building and different galleries surrounding it. The main temple represents the mountain of Meru in the theology of Hinduism and Buddhism. This legendary mountain has 5 peaks. More special members can enter the upper parts of Angkor Wat. Priests can enter the lower parts of the temple.
Eleanor Mannikka, a historian who examines the dimensions and layout of the building, argues that the peace environment that came during the period of the 2nd Suryavarman was represented in the building. Mannikka argues that the entrance angle of the moon and sun to the temple represents the power of the king.
Angkor Wat (Türkçe)
Angkor Wat Kamboçya, Siem Reap’te yer almaktadır. Kral II. Suryavarman tarafından inşa edilen dev bir tapınak kentidir. Khmer mimarisinin en önemli örneklerinden biridir ve Kamboçya ile özdeşleştirilmiştir; aynı zamanda ülkenin ulusal bayrağında da tasvir edilmiştir.
Khmer Krallığı’nın başkenti ve gücünün sembolü olan Angkor Wat, 13. yüzyılda Vishnu adına bir Hindu tapınağı iken Budist tapınağına dönüştürüldü. 14. yüzyılda Khmer Krallığı’nın başkenti Phnom Penh’e taşındıktan sonra, terk edilmiş ve ormanla çevrilmiş bir şekilde kaldı ve 1858’de Fransız doğa bilimci Henri Mouhot tarafından yeniden keşfedildi. Toplanan topraklar ve yabani otlar 20. yüzyılda temizlendi. Bina bugüne kadar çok iyi bir koruma altında kaldı ve 1992 yılında kuzeydeki antik Angkor Thom şehri ile birlikte Dünya Kültür Mirası Listesine alındı. Ülkede, turistler tarafından en çok ziyaret edilen yerlerden birisidir.
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